The World Shipping Council (WSC) is urging member states of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to put regulations in place to encourage much-needed investment and infrastructure to support the shipping industry's sustainability goals.
WSC — the trade association representing the international liner shipping industry — said current proposals before the IMO are focused on developing mid-term measures necessary to progress the decarbonisation of shipping.
Although the current proposals also include a GHG levy or feebate mechanism, a GHG fuel standard, emissions trading, and a funding/reward system tied to a specific benchmark, they also share a set of challenges that are critical to the overall viability and success of IMO's GHG Strategy.
Significant investment needed to decarbonise shipping
WSC said IMO's goal to phase out GHG emissions from shipping will require "very significant investments" in the production and supply of low, near-zero, and zero GHG fuels.
It noted that Well-to-Wake Life-Cycle Analysis (LCA) is critical to avoid favouring fuels that have attractive Tank-to-Wake figures, but produce high life-cycle emissions instead of GHG reductions.
"Countries across the globe face very different economic circumstances and some locations – especially those that are remote and import or export small volumes – already face very high transportation costs. Any proposal needs to identify an effective structure to address these issues of equity and sustainability of island states and developing economies," the WSC noted, adding that simplicity of implementation and the ability to verify and enforce standards should also be considered by the IMO.
The WSC said it examined current proposals to IMO highlighting three key suggestions to support swift progress and ensure that regulations are effective in driving the transition to alternative fuels and propulsion technologies in line with global climate goals.
"This is the time for open-minded discussions and a shared focus around what is needed for our climate and the sustainability of global supply chains. We have to think practically about what the proposals before the IMO can deliver in actual carbon emission reductions and also how to get to a decision," said John Butler, president & CEO of WSC.
"It is not just about getting to yes, but getting to yes on something that will make a difference for the future of our planet," he added.
The WSC paper MEPC 79/7 proposes three key suggestions for consideration by member nations at IMO ISWG-GHG 13 and MEPC 79 which the organisation said, would significantly strengthen the IMO GHG Strategy.
"Modify the Global Fuel Standard (GFS) proposal to include fewer steps and to establish dates for each step based on projected fuel and technology production timeframes for those fuels that will enable significant GHG reductions based on Well-to-Wake LCA analysis. This will encourage earlier investment in the production of low and near-zero GHG fuels, increase R&D towards more significant technology advances, and reduce the risk of the regulation stalling investments based on incremental change," WSC said.
It also called for the IMO to develop "Green Corridors Programme" as a means to introduce new fuels and technologies and as a practical and explicit vehicle for an equitable transition.
WSC said building on existing initiatives, Green Corridors can be created to connect both developed and developing economies with the introduction of appropriate ships and fuel infrastructure serving specific routes with a graduated expansion.
Lastly, WSC said the IMO should consider a benchmarking approach using an LCA-based GHG intensity metric that is more directly tied to meeting GHG reduction goals, rather than a relative benchmark based on the CII.
Regulatory structure sought
"Our core challenge is to create the regulatory structure to drive development, production, and adoption of low and near-zero GHG fuels and technologies, coupled with the necessary investments in renewable energy production for an equitable transition," Butler said.
"Liner shipping is investing in decarbonisation, and we urge IMO member nations to come together with a focus on future generations to ensure the advancements necessary for a timely energy transition," he added.